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Thomas Stephen "Tom" Gries〔Cook County, Illinois, Birth Certificates Index, 1871-1922, at http://www.ancestry.com/〕 (December 20, 1922 – January 3, 1977) was an American TV and film director, writer, and producer. ==Life and career== Gries was born in Chicago, Illinois. His mother, Ruth, later remarried to jazz player Muggsy Spanier.〔http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=62220248〕 Educated at the Loyola Academy and Georgetown University, Gries began working in TV in the 1950s as a writer and director, on such programs as ''Bronco'', ''The Rat Patrol'', ''Wanted: Dead or Alive'', ''The Westerner'', ''The Rifleman'', ''East Side/West Side'', ''Mission: Impossible'', ''Route 66'', ''Batman'' and ''I Spy''. He won Emmy Awards for his direction on ''East Side/West Side'' in 1964 and ''The Glass House'' in 1972. In the cinema, Gries directed some low-budget movies in the 1950s before concentrating his efforts more on TV. In the late 1960s, he wrote and directed what is generally acknowledged to be his greatest work in either medium, the western ''Will Penny'', which starred Charlton Heston and was released in 1968. It was based on an episode of the TV series ''The Westerner'' that Gries wrote and directed in 1960, entitled "Line Camp." Gries subsequently made two other films with Heston, the less successful ''Number One'' and ''The Hawaiians'', and directed several other films with other high-profile actors such as Burt Reynolds and Charles Bronson into the 1970s, though they failed to reach the critical approval that ''Will Penny'' received. The most successful of his later works was ''Helter Skelter'', made in 1976, which was a TV film based on the notorious Charles Manson Family. During post-production on his final film, ''The Greatest'' (1977), a biography of boxer Muhammad Ali (in which Ali also played himself), Tom Gries collapsed and died of a heart attack while playing tennis. He was 54 years old. He is the father of actor and director Jon Gries (who appeared under the name Jon Francis in the film ''Will Penny'' as a child actor). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tom Gries」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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